Measures to prevent fire and explosion accidents in reaction vessels

Measures to prevent fire and explosion accidents in reaction vessels

1) Strictly follow the safety regulations for production

The technological procedure of the reaction vessel shall be examined and approved by special scientific research and design units, and the production process shall not be changed without the corresponding appraisal from these departments. Production operators must be familiar with the production process rules, operating conditions, raw materials, products, intermediate products of the reactivity of heat and fire and explosion hazard nature, to eliminate operational errors.

2) Maintain the pressure strength of the container

As a kind of pressure equipment, the reaction vessel should be carried out in strict accordance with the design and manufacturing process of the pressure vessel to eliminate the quality defects such as welding. Vessel in use to prevent corrosion and other reasons caused by thinner wall, compression strength reduction. Therefore, the container should be inspected regularly, maintenance, pressure test to ensure the pressure strength of the container.

3) To prevent uncontrolled reaction

Strictly monitor and control the temperature, pressure, material composition and feeding sequence in the reaction vessel according to the regulations, so as to keep the reaction normal. The measures to prevent runaway of tubular fixed-bed oxidation reactor include: adding trace inhibitors into the feedgas to partially poison the catalyst; Some catalysts diluted by inert carriers or partially aged catalysts are placed on the upper layer of the reaction tube near the inlet of the raw gas; The heat transfer rate can be improved by using segmental cooling method. The cooling pipe set in the fluidized bed reactor should have enough cooling area to ensure the continuous supply of coolant with stable parameters, and at the same time, the nodal reaction temperature can be adjusted by the preheating temperature of the feed gas. The control of nitrification reaction speed should pay attention to the following aspects: control the feeding speed, the use of double valves to control the nitrification agent feeding, prohibit solid material block input; The appearance of red-brown nitrogen oxide gas in the nitrification process is a sign that temperature rise may lead to danger, so it is necessary to stop feeding immediately. Nitrification reactor should be equipped with cooling water backup system; Material mixing evenly, the reactor stirring should be automatically started standby power supply, protective gas stirring or artificial stirring auxiliary facilities.

There is a possibility of sudden polymerization at the beginning or during the process of polymerization. Reaction should be in accordance with the feeding sequence and feeding ratio of accurate feeding, the total material should not exceed the amount. Early reaction to prevent heating up too fast, when the reaction is accelerated, heat gradually increased, to timely cooling cooling; In the reaction process, it is necessary to pay attention to the temperature and pressure changes, and the polymerization reaction heat is large. It is not enough or the best method to increase the reactor size to obtain more cooling area of jacket and tongue tube. At present, monomer or solvent gasification reflux is used to bring out the reaction heat, which is returned to the polymerization kettle for heat absorption after condensation or compression liquefaction. When the temperature increases substantially, or other hazardous conditions occur, polymer-blocking agents can be added to reduce the initiator activity. At the same time, there should be a strict quality inspection system for raw materials, intermediate products and finished products to ensure their purity and content and remove harmful impurities.